来源：环球教育
小编：Eileen 241对于很多同学来说，选择题很难搞定，因为选择题这个题型的数量可以决定一场考试的“难度”（即数量越多，难度越大）。那么除了单词和句子这两个拦路虎外，选择题究竟难在哪里？这篇文章环球颜王团杨帆老师会逐渐给大家揭开选择题的面纱。
选择题这种题的独特的出题形式，决定了其考察点可以是多维度的，那么除了单纯的句子配对，大家还需要在做题和读文章的时候注意以下几个方面：
1.注意与原文“长得像”的选项
很多同学在做题的时候，往往因为句子没有理解到位而会选择一个与原文“长得像”的选项，因为觉得这个选项因为有原文的内容，所以觉得有安全感，觉得是找到了组织。殊不知，这个“组织”很有可能是一个假组织。我们先来看看下面这个例子：
【例题】
Children who are bullied
A.are twice as likely to commit suicide as the average person.
B.find it more difficult to relate to adults.
C.are less likely to be violent in later life.
D.may have difficulty forming relationships in later life.
【原文】
Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully rare. Victimised pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent, and convicted of anti-social offences.
【分析】
该段大意：
儿童之间的欺负可以让孩子感觉不开心和压抑，在极端情况下甚至会让儿童自杀，但是幸好很少。被欺负的孩子可能会在作为成人时经历人际交往的困难，与之形成对比的是，持续欺负别人的孩子长大后会变得身体上很暴力，且会犯罪。
定位的时候，当看到pupils就应当想到题干中的“children”，victimized可以跟题干的“who are bullied”对应上，所以此时题干中的信息在原文中找到了对应点，精读本句即可。注意，as这个单词单独出现，后接名词表示“作为”理解，所以“作为成年人”即“长大以后”。
带着我们对原文的理解看选项：
A选项：原文说“thankfully rare”，那么就不可能是普通人的两倍。与原文矛盾。
B选项：这个选项极有干扰性，因为出现了三个与原文一样的单词，但是不要仅仅关注重现的单词，还要看到考官悄然改变的词，选项中出现了relate to sb.这个用法，意思是“与某人打交道”，而原文中说“作为成年人难于形成与别人的人际关系”，并不是选项中“与成年人打交道困难”。该选项所述内容在原文没出现。
C选项：这个选项属于过度推断的选项，会困扰一部分同学。原文只是说了“欺负别人的孩子长大后会暴力”，那么被欺负的孩子因此就变得没有那么暴力吗？原文没有提及。
D选项：正确选项。选项中的relationship即是interpersonal relationships，in later life即是as adults。
【小结】
同学们往往会被原词重现所吸引，而没有注意到没有重现的词，即考官对原文的变动，比如更换介词、添加的新词等。
【练习】
In the first paragraph, the writer makes a point that
A.The director should plan the sound track at an early stage in filming
B.It would be wrong to overlook the contribution of sound to the artistry of films
C.The music industry can have a beneficial influence on sound in film
D.It is important for those working on the sound in a film to have sole responsibility for it
Though we might think of film as an essentially visual experience, we really cannot afford to underestimate the importance of film sound. A meaningful sound track is often as complicated as the image on the screen, and is ultimately just as much the responsibility of the director. The entire sound track consists of three essential ingredients: the human voice, sound effects and music. These three tracks must be mixed and balanced so as to produce the necessary emphases which in turn create desired effects. Topics which essentially refer to the three previously mentioned tracks are discussed below. They include dialogue, synchronous and asynchronous sound effects, and music.
2.谨防过度推断
在做判断题的时候，很多同学都会依据自己的理解得出一个推断出的结论，这种思路就是过度推断。但是同学们需要注意的是，雅思阅读是evidenced-based test，做题讲求的是证据，不能讲情感（实际上，这也是中英文的区别，中文讲究“情感、直觉”，英文讲究“证据”）
【例题】
The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about
A.recognising talent.
B.working as a team.
C.having a shared objective.
D.being an effective leader.
【原文】
One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison’ a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.
【分析】
原文大意：
太阳工作室原本可以有一个“五重唱”的组合，但是最后只有四重唱。原因是太阳工作室的老板想要革新音乐，在现有基础上融合黑人音乐、乡村音乐、布鲁士等等。工作室的四位歌手Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis本能地理解老板的野心，但是Orbison不以为然，所以最后在工作室发表了一张唱片就走了。
题目问的是‘million-dollar quartet’强调了作者什么观点，在原文中我们看到整个段落讲述了这个故事，当同学们读完了原文后，很容易理解为“他们本应是一个很好的团队，但是一个人不合，所以团队最终没有想象的好”，以至于最终答案选择为B。
然而，我们讲过，雅思阅读的选择题的正确选项是“一个萝卜一个坑”，即内容要有具化的表现。选项B中所提到的“working as a team”在原文中并没有提及任何的字眼，哪怕原文有working group, spirit of teamwork这样的字眼也行，但是都没有，属于NOT GIVEN的选项。同学们会选这个选项，完全是自己凭着对语言文字的理解，推理出的一个结论，这就是我所谓的“直觉”，即过度推论。
【注意】
再次强调，选择题的正确答案的单词或者表达在原文中一定要有体现，如同义词替换或者换说法的替换，总之要有体现。例如这道题的正确答案C: having a shared objective，原文中“wanted to …”，“ambition”，“goal”都是objective的替换。再进而去理解含义，发现选项讲的整体意思与原文是接近的，即可认为C选项是答案。
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